FAQ: UK Transition from EU Regulations
FAQ: UK Transition from EU Regulations
Navigating UK Drone Rules After Leaving EASA FrameworkThe UK has transitioned away from EU regulations, including those under EASA, creating unique drone rules governed by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA). Below are 10-15 frequently asked questions designed for drone pilots operating in the UK under the CAA framework.
General Questions for All Pilots
1. Do I need a license to fly a drone in the UK?
Answer:
No, you don't need a traditional pilot's license to fly most drones. However, you must register as an operator if your drone weighs 250g or more or has a camera. Additionally, you need a Flyer ID, which requires passing the CAA Drone Test.
Regulatory Context:
Under UK Regulation (EU) 2019/947, registration is mandatory for drones classified as C1 to C4 or weighing 250g or more.
Practical Example:
If you're flying a DJI Mini 3 Pro weighing 249g without modifications, you do not need an Operator ID but must follow safety rules.
2. What are the basic rules for flying drones in the UK? Answer: Follow these key rules:
- â–¸Stay below 120m (400ft).
- â–¸Always fly within your visual line of sight (VLOS).
- â–¸Avoid flying near airports or restricted areas.
- â–¸Respect privacy and avoid flying over crowds.
Regulatory Context:
These rules are outlined in CAP 722, the CAA's main guidance document for unmanned aircraft systems.
3. How do I register my drone with the CAA? Answer: Register online through the CAA’s official website. You will need to:
- Create an account on the CAA registration system.
- Pay the annual registration fee (£10).
- Pass the Flyer ID test (free).
Regulatory Context:
Registration is required under UK Regulation (EU) 2019/947.
Safety Reminder:
Display your Operator ID visibly on your drone.
Questions for New Drone Pilots
4. Can I fly a drone near my house or in a public park? Answer: Yes, you can fly in open areas like parks, provided you follow these rules:- â–¸Avoid flying over crowds or busy areas.
- â–¸Respect privacy laws and avoid filming people without consent.
- â–¸Stay within 120m altitude and maintain VLOS.
Regulatory Context:
Flying over uninvolved people is prohibited for drones in the Open Category unless specific risk mitigations are in place.
Safety Reminder:
Confirm the area is not within a restricted zone using the Drone Assist app.
5. What happens if I accidentally fly above 120m?
Answer:
If you exceed the 120m limit, you risk enforcement action by the CAA, including fines or loss of your license. You must immediately return your drone to the legal altitude.
Regulatory Context:
The 120m altitude limit is a safety requirement outlined in CAP 722 to avoid conflicts with manned aircraft.
Safety Reminder:
Use altitude-limiting features available on most drones to prevent accidental breaches.
Questions for Experienced Pilots
6. Can I fly my drone at night in the UK?
Answer:
Yes, you can fly at night in the Open Category, provided you keep the drone within VLOS at all times and use appropriate lighting to maintain visibility.
Regulatory Context:
Night operations are permitted under UK Regulation (EU) 2019/947, provided safety protocols are followed.
Safety Reminder:
Ensure your drone is equipped with lights visible from the ground.
7. What should I do if I want to fly near an airport?
Answer:
You must obtain permission from Air Traffic Control (ATC) before flying within an airport’s flight restriction zone (FRZ).
Regulatory Context:
CAP 722 mandates permission for flights within FRZs to protect manned aircraft.
Safety Reminder:
Always confirm the FRZ boundaries using the Drone Assist app.
Questions for Professional Operators
8. How do I obtain an Operational Authorisation for commercial drone use? Answer: Apply for a Specific Category Operational Authorisation through the CAA. This process requires:- Submitting a risk assessment.
- Providing an Operations Manual.
- Demonstrating compliance with CAP 722 requirements.
Regulatory Context:
Operational Authorisation is required for flights beyond Open Category restrictions.
Safety Reminder:
Ensure your pilots hold a General Visual Line of Sight Certificate (GVC).
9. Can I fly Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) in the UK?
Answer:
BVLOS operations require approval from the CAA under the Specific Category. You must provide evidence of appropriate mitigations such as Electronic Conspicuity (EC) devices.
Regulatory Context:
BVLOS is covered under CAP 2557 and CAP 722.
Practical Example:
Flying BVLOS for medical delivery trials requires comprehensive risk assessments and compliance with CAA guidelines.
Safety Reminder:
Ensure your BVLOS flights do not interfere with manned aviation.
10. What are the penalties for violating UK drone regulations?
Answer:
Penalties include fines, suspension of your Operator ID, and even criminal charges for serious breaches.
Regulatory Context:
Penalties are enforced under UK Regulation (EU) 2019/947 and CAP 722.
Safety Reminder:
Always review CAA guidance before flying to ensure compliance.
Advanced Questions for All Pilots
11. Are EU drone certifications valid in the UK?
Answer:
EU drone certifications are not automatically valid in the UK. You must comply with CAA requirements, including registration and obtaining a UK-specific Flyer ID.
Regulatory Context:
The UK no longer recognizes EASA certifications following Brexit.
Safety Reminder:
Check if your drone meets UK certification standards under CAP 722.
12. Can I use a drone equipped with autonomous flight capabilities?
Answer:
Yes, but autonomous flights must comply with CAA guidelines and remain within VLOS unless approved for BVLOS operations.
Regulatory Context:
Autonomous operations are regulated under CAP 722H.
Safety Reminder:
Always maintain control and situational awareness during autonomous flights.
Key Reminders
- â–¸Regulations Change: Verify rules regularly on the CAA website .
- â–¸Safety First: Never compromise safety to capture footage or complete a task.
- â–¸Educational Purpose: This content is for general guidance and does not constitute legal advice.
For more information and updates, visit 120mAGL’s Drone Regulations Hub .
About the Author
Roberto Gramellini
Aviation expert and UAS regulations specialist with extensive experience in EASA compliance and drone operations. Passionate about making complex regulations accessible to drone pilots across Europe.
EASA Regulatory Compliance Notice
This content is for educational purposes only and is based on EASA regulations current at the time of generation.
Always consult the official EASA documentation and your local aviation authorities for the most current regulations and legal compliance requirements before operating any UAS.