Operational Authorisation (OpAuth): The Ultimate Guide for Drone Pilots
Operational Authorisation (OpAuth): The Ultimate Guide for Drone Pilots
Stay compliant and fly responsibly with clear guidance on CAA Operational Authorisation for unmanned aircraft systems (UAS).
What Is Operational Authorisation (OpAuth)?
Operational Authorisation (OpAuth) is a formal permission issued by the UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) for drone operations that fall under the Specific Category of UK Regulation (EU) 2019/947. If your operation involves risks that exceed the thresholds for the Open Category, such as flying near people, infrastructure, or performing complex missions, you may need OpAuth to ensure compliance and safety.
This guide covers everything drone pilots need to know about obtaining, maintaining, and using OpAuth, including practical examples, step-by-step instructions, and answers to common questions.
Why Does Operational Authorisation Matter?
The UK's CAA introduced Operational Authorisation to regulate higher-risk drone operations and ensure they meet stringent safety and operational standards. Here's why it matters:
- â–¸Safety: Protects other airspace users, people on the ground, and property.
- â–¸Legal Compliance: Avoid fines, penalties, or legal issues from unauthorized operations.
- â–¸Flexibility: Allows you to conduct operations beyond the limits of the Open Category.
- â–¸Professional Opportunities: Enables commercial drone operators to expand their services.
Key Regulations Governing OpAuth
Operational Authorisation is governed by several key provisions under UK Regulation (EU) 2019/947. These include:
- Article 5: Establishes the need for Operational Authorisation for Specific Category operations.
- Annex I: Defines the operational risk assessment framework (e.g., SORA methodology).
- UAS.SPEC.050: Outlines operator responsibilities for compliance and reporting modifications.
- GM1 Article 11: Provides guidance on risk assessment and safety requirements.
Always refer to the latest version of CAP 722 for detailed information.
When Do You Need Operational Authorisation?
You must obtain OpAuth if your drone operation involves any of the following:
- â–¸Flying beyond 120m AGL (Above Ground Level).
- â–¸Operating near uninvolved people or congested areas.
- â–¸Conducting flights Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS).
- â–¸Using drones heavier than allowed under the Open Category limits.
- â–¸Performing specialized missions, such as industrial inspections or medical deliveries.
Step-by-Step Guide to Obtaining Operational Authorisation
Follow this procedure to apply for OpAuth:
1. Assess Your Operation
Determine whether your operation exceeds the Open Category thresholds. Use the Specific Operations Risk Assessment (SORA) framework to identify risks and mitigations.2. Prepare Documentation
Compile the necessary documents, including:- â–¸Operations Manual (template available in CAP 2606).
- â–¸Risk assessment based on SORA.
- â–¸Details of your drone and payload specifications.
- â–¸Remote pilot qualifications (e.g., GVC certification).
3. Submit Your Application
Apply through the CAA portal. Include all supporting documents and pay the application fee.4. CAA Review
The CAA will evaluate your application, focusing on:- â–¸Risk mitigation strategies.
- â–¸Compliance with safety standards.
- â–¸Adequacy of your Operations Manual.
5. Receive Approval
Once approved, you’ll receive an Operational Authorisation certificate detailing the scope and limitations of your operation.Practical Examples of OpAuth in Action
Example 1: Commercial Roof Inspection
A licensed drone operator uses a DJI Matrice 300 RTK to inspect rooftops in an urban area. Due to proximity to uninvolved people and operating within 50 meters of structures, OpAuth is required under Article 5.Example 2: BVLOS Medical Supply Delivery
A healthcare provider uses drones to deliver medicine across rural areas, requiring BVLOS operations. The operator secures OpAuth by demonstrating compliance with the SORA methodology and maintaining electronic conspicuity per CAP 1391.Key Responsibilities Under OpAuth
As an OpAuth holder, you must:
- â–¸Follow the operational limits specified in your authorisation.
- â–¸Maintain accurate records of all flights and modifications (UAS.SPEC.050).
- â–¸Conduct regular risk assessments for ongoing operations.
- â–¸Ensure all remote pilots are trained and certified.
- â–¸Report incidents and near-misses to the CAA promptly.
Common Challenges and Solutions
Challenge 1: Complex Risk Assessments
Solution: Use the SORA methodology outlined in Annex I of Regulation 2019/947 for step-by-step guidance.Challenge 2: Keeping Up with Regulations
Solution: Regularly check the CAA website for updates to CAP 722 and related documents.Challenge 3: Incident Reporting
Solution: Develop an internal procedure for reporting incidents to the CAA using the guidelines in CAP 722.Compliance Checklist
Use this checklist to ensure your operation complies with OpAuth requirements:
- Determine Risk Category: Does your operation fall under the Specific Category?
- Complete SORA: Conduct a Specific Operations Risk Assessment.
- Prepare Documentation: Include Operations Manual, risk assessment, and pilot certifications.
- Apply to the CAA: Submit your application and supporting documents.
- Monitor Compliance: Follow operational limits and report modifications or incidents.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What happens if I operate without OpAuth?
Operating without OpAuth is a violation of Article 5 and can result in fines, penalties, or criminal charges.2. How long does the application process take?
The CAA typically processes applications within 28 working days, but complex cases may take longer.3. Do I need OpAuth for recreational flying?
No, recreational flying within the Open Category limits does not require OpAuth.4. Can I modify my drone under OpAuth?
Yes, but you must complete a self-assessment checklist per CAP 722L and report modifications to the CAA within 30 days.5. What is SORA?
SORA stands for Specific Operations Risk Assessment, a framework for evaluating risks associated with drone operations in the Specific Category.Summary
Operational Authorisation is a crucial requirement for drone pilots conducting higher-risk operations in the UK. By following the steps outlined above, you can ensure compliance, enhance safety, and unlock new opportunities for your drone operations.
Related Resources
- â–¸CAP 722: Unmanned Aircraft System Operations in UK Airspace
- â–¸CAP 2606: PDRA01 Operations Manual Template
- â–¸CAP 1391: Electronic Conspicuity Devices
- â–¸CAP 722L: UAS Modification Policy
Final Thoughts
Staying compliant with CAA regulations is not just a legal requirement—it’s a commitment to safe and responsible drone operations. Bookmark this guide and check back regularly for updates. For official information, visit the CAA website .
Remember: Flying under OpAuth is a privilege that comes with responsibilities. Always prioritize safety and follow the rules to protect yourself, others, and the environment.
About the Author
Roberto Gramellini
Aviation expert and UAS regulations specialist with extensive experience in EASA compliance and drone operations. Passionate about making complex regulations accessible to drone pilots across Europe.
EASA Regulatory Compliance Notice
This content is for educational purposes only and is based on EASA regulations current at the time of generation.
Always consult the official EASA documentation and your local aviation authorities for the most current regulations and legal compliance requirements before operating any UAS.