FAQ: Operations Over People (Category 1-4)

Operations over people are an essential part of drone flying but come with specific regulations under EASA rules. Below are answers to the most frequently asked questions about this topic.

---

1. Can I fly my drone over people without restrictions?

No, you cannot fly over people without restrictions. Operations over people are classified into four categories (Category 1-4), with specific requirements for each. The category depends on the drone's weight, design, and certification. For example, Category 1 allows operations over people if the drone weighs less than 250g and meets certain technical requirements (Reg 2019/947 Art. 4).

---

2. What are the main requirements for flying in Category 1?

To fly in Category 1:

• ▸
  The drone must weigh less than 250g.
• ▸
  It must not have sharp edges or components that can cause injury.
• ▸
  Flights must avoid crowds.

These requirements ensure minimal risk in case of accidents (Reg 2019/947 Art. 4).

---

3. What if my drone weighs more than 250g? Can I fly over people?

If your drone weighs more than 250g, you must operate under Category 2, 3, or 4, which have stricter requirements. For example, Category 2 requires drones to be designed to reduce injury risks and limit impact energy (Reg 2019/947 Art. 5).

---

4. Do I need a license to fly over people in Category 3 or 4?

Yes, for Category 3 and 4 operations, you must obtain a specific operational authorization from your national aviation authority. Additionally, you may need to conduct a risk assessment following the Specific Operations Risk Assessment (SORA) methodology (Reg 2019/947 Art. 5).

---

5. Can I fly over crowds in any category?

No, flying over crowds is strictly prohibited in all categories unless specifically authorized. Crowds are defined as gatherings where individuals cannot move away easily, such as concerts or public events (Reg 2019/947 Art. 4, 5).

---

6. What happens if I fly over people without meeting the requirements?

Flying over people without meeting the regulatory requirements can result in penalties, including fines or the suspension of your drone license. Additionally, unsafe operations can endanger public safety (Reg 2019/947 Art. 4, 5).

---

7. How can I prove my drone complies with Category 2 or 3 requirements?

Your drone manufacturer should provide documentation proving compliance with the required standards. Always carry this documentation during operations and be prepared to show it to authorities upon request (Reg 2019/947 Art. 5).

---

8. Can I fly over people during commercial operations?

Yes, commercial operations over people are allowed if they comply with Category 2, 3, or 4 requirements and have been authorized by your national aviation authority. A risk assessment and operational authorization may be required (Reg 2019/947 Art. 5).

---

9. What safety precautions should I take when flying over people?

Safety precautions include:

• ▸
  Conducting pre-flight checks.
• ▸
  Avoiding flights over crowds.
• ▸
  Ensuring your drone complies with technical standards for its category.
• ▸
  Having emergency procedures in place.

Always prioritize safety to minimize risks to people on the ground.

---

10. Can I fly over people near airports?

Operations near airports are subject to additional restrictions. Flying over people in controlled airspace requires coordination with air traffic control and compliance with local rules. Always check your drone's geofencing settings to avoid unauthorized entry into restricted zones (Reg 2019/947 Art. 7).

---

11. How do I obtain authorization for Category 4 operations?

Category 4 operations require drones certified for high-risk operations, a specific operational authorization, and potentially approval for advanced flight scenarios such as BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight). Contact your national aviation authority for detailed application procedures (Reg 2019/947 Art. 5).

---

12. What is the maximum altitude I can fly when operating over people?

Under EASA regulations, the maximum altitude for drone operations is 120 meters (394 feet) unless specifically authorized for higher altitudes (Reg 2019/947 Art. 4).

---

13. Can recreational pilots fly over people in any category?

Recreational pilots can only fly over people under Category 1, provided the drone weighs less than 250g and meets safety standards. For Categories 2-4, recreational pilots need additional training and authorization (Reg 2019/947 Art. 4, 5).

---

14. What should I do if I accidentally fly over people?

If you accidentally fly over people, immediately end the operation safely and assess the situation. Avoid further flights until you ensure compliance with regulations. Reporting the incident to your national aviation authority may also be required (Reg 2019/947 Art. 5).

---

15. How can I stay updated on EASA regulations for operations over people?

Visit the official EASA website and subscribe to updates. Additionally, check 120mAGL.com regularly for accessible explanations and actionable guidance on the latest regulations.

---

Safety Reminder

Flying over people carries inherent risks. Always prioritize safety, comply with regulations, and conduct thorough risk assessments before every operation. Responsible drone operation is key to protecting public safety and ensuring long-term acceptance of drones in everyday life.

---

Disclaimer

Regulations may change. Always verify with official EASA sources and consult your national aviation authority for complete requirements. This content is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.

For more detailed guidance, visit 120mAGL.com .