Frequently Asked Questions: Flying Near Airports and Airspace

Target Audience: New Drone Pilots, Beginners

1. Can I fly my drone near an airport?

No, flying a drone near an airport is strictly regulated to prevent interference with manned aircraft. The UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) mandates that drones must not be flown within 5km of an airport's boundary without explicit permission. Additionally, you cannot fly higher than 120m (400ft) above ground level. Always check for restricted airspace on a drone map or app approved by the CAA, such as Drone Assist. Violating these rules could result in fines or legal action. Regulation Reference: CAP 722, Section 2.2.2

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2. What is controlled airspace, and can I fly my drone there?

Controlled airspace is a designated area where air traffic is managed to ensure the safety of all aircraft. Drone flights in controlled airspace are generally restricted, and you need permission from the relevant air traffic control authority to operate there. Use tools like Drone Assist to check if your flight location is within controlled airspace. Safety Reminder: Controlled airspace often includes airports and areas with frequent manned aircraft activity. Always prioritize safety. Regulation Reference: CAP 722, Section 3.3

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3. What is the 120m (400ft) altitude limit, and does it apply near airports?

The 120m altitude limit applies to all drone operations unless specific permissions are granted by the CAA. This limit ensures drones remain safely below manned aircraft. Near airports, additional restrictions apply, such as the 5km exclusion zone, regardless of altitude. Practical Example: Even if you’re flying below 120m, you must stay outside the airport's restricted area unless you have explicit authorization. Regulation Reference: CAP 722, Section 2.2

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4. What is a No-Fly Zone (NFZ), and how do I check if I’m in one?

No-Fly Zones are areas where drone flights are prohibited for safety, security, or privacy reasons. Airports, military installations, and prisons are common examples. Use the CAA-approved Drone Assist app to check for NFZs before flying. Safety Reminder: Flying in NFZs without permission is illegal and can result in severe penalties, including fines and prosecution.

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5. Do I need permission to fly in restricted airspace?

Yes, you need explicit permission from the relevant airspace authority (e.g., air traffic control or the CAA) to operate in restricted airspace. Submit your request well in advance, providing details such as flight time, location, and purpose. Regulation Reference: CAP 722, Section 3.4

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Target Audience: Active Pilots with Some Experience

6. How can I check if my flight path is near an airport?

Use tools like the Drone Assist app or online drone maps approved by the CAA to check your flight path for proximity to airports or restricted airspace. These tools provide real-time airspace information, including NFZs and controlled airspace boundaries.

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7. Can I fly a drone near an airport for commercial purposes?

Yes, but only with explicit authorization from the CAA and the airport’s air traffic control. You may need an Operational Authorisation under the Specific Category or a Pre-Defined Risk Assessment (PDRA). Ensure you comply with all safety and operational requirements. Regulation Reference: CAP 722, Section 6.2

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8. What happens if I accidentally fly into restricted airspace near an airport?

If you inadvertently enter restricted airspace, you must immediately land your drone safely and report the incident to the CAA. Unauthorized entry into restricted airspace can result in penalties, including fines and legal action.

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9. Are there penalties for flying near airports without permission?

Yes, penalties include fines of up to £2,500 or criminal charges. If your drone endangers aircraft, you could face severe legal consequences, including imprisonment. Always check airspace restrictions and obtain permission before flying near airports. Regulation Reference: CAP 722, Section 2.2

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10. Can I fly my drone at night near airports?

Flying a drone at night near airports requires explicit authorization and compliance with CAA regulations. Night operations are considered higher risk, so ensure your drone is equipped with proper lighting and you adhere to all safety protocols.

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Target Audience: Professional Operators, Commercial Pilots

11. What permissions do I need for a commercial drone operation near an airport?

Commercial operations near airports require an Operational Authorisation under the Specific Category or PDRA, as outlined in CAP 722H. You must submit a risk assessment and operational plan to the CAA for approval. Regulation Reference: CAP 722H

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12. How do I conduct a risk assessment for flying near an airport?

Follow the guidelines in CAP 722A. Your risk assessment should include:

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  Flight area analysis
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  Mitigation strategies for risks such as aircraft interference
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  Emergency procedures
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  Communication plan with air traffic control

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13. Can I use drones for airport infrastructure inspections?

Yes, drones can be used for airport inspections, but you must have an Operational Authorisation and coordinate with the airport authority. Ensure compliance with the CAA’s guidelines on proximity to runways and other airport infrastructure.

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14. What are the requirements for BVLOS operations near airports?

Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) operations near airports require advanced permissions, including:

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  A robust detect-and-avoid system
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  Coordination with air traffic control
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  An approved risk assessment by the CAA

Regulation Reference: CAP 2557

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15. How do I obtain permission for repeated operations near an airport?

If you need to conduct recurring operations near an airport, you can apply for a Permanent Operational Authorisation. This requires submitting detailed operational procedures and risk assessments to the CAA.

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Target Audience: All Pilots

16. What are the safety measures for flying near airports?

Follow these safety measures:

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  Stay outside the 5km exclusion zone unless authorized.
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  Always check for controlled and restricted airspace using a drone map or app.
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  Maintain a maximum altitude of 120m (400ft) unless granted permission.
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  Monitor for nearby manned aircraft and land immediately if necessary.

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17. What tools can I use to plan flights near airports?

Use CAA-approved tools like Drone Assist or similar apps to plan your flights. These tools provide real-time information on airspace restrictions, NFZs, and other critical data.

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18. What are the consequences of violating airspace regulations?

Violating airspace regulations can result in:

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  Fines up to £2,500
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  Criminal charges
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  Potential imprisonment for endangering aircraft

Always prioritize compliance to avoid these penalties.

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19. Can I fly near an airport with an Article 16 authorization?

If you are an FPV UK member with an Article 16 authorization, you may have certain exemptions, but you still must comply with airspace restrictions near airports. Review your authorization conditions carefully. Regulation Reference: FPV UK Ltd Article 16 Authorization

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20. How can I stay updated on airspace regulations?

Regularly check the CAA’s website for updates to CAP 722 and related documents. Subscribe to CAA newsletters or alerts, and consult tools like Drone Assist to ensure compliance.

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Disclaimer

This content is educational and not legal advice. Regulations may change—always verify with official CAA documentation and consult local aviation authorities for complete requirements. Stay safe and fly responsibly!